A clot that forms after an operation usually shows up as a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the leg or a pulmonary embolism (PE) in the lungs. Knowing the common signs, the simple prevention steps, and how doctors manage clot risk makes a big difference.
Before surgery, tell your surgical team about any blood thinners, herbal supplements, or prior clots. The team will decide which medicines to stop, when to stop them, and whether you need a temporary plan called 'bridging.' Bridging uses short-acting blood thinners in the hospital when long-acting drugs are paused. This is a decision that depends on the type of surgery and your personal clot risk, so ask for clear instructions and get them in writing.
During and after the operation, movement matters. Walk as soon as your surgeon says it's safe. Even sitting up at the edge of the bed and doing ankle pumps helps push blood through the legs and lowers clot risk. Hospitals use mechanical tools too — compression stockings or intermittent pneumatic compression boots — which squeeze the legs to keep blood flowing. Make sure staff fit stockings correctly and that you know how long to wear them.
Hydration is another easy win. Dehydration thickens blood and raises clot risk, so sip fluids unless you're told to restrict them. Avoid long car or plane trips right after surgery if your doctor warns against travel. If travel is unavoidable, use compression socks and move your feet often.
Know the warning signs and take them seriously. For DVT, watch for new swelling, pain, warmth, or redness in one leg. For PE, get urgent help for sudden shortness of breath, chest pain that worsens with breathing, rapid heartbeat, or fainting. Don't wait to see if it improves — call emergency services or your surgical team immediately.
Pain control links to clot prevention. If pain keeps you from moving, tell your care team. They can adjust medication so you can walk sooner. Ask about safe options if you take blood thinners, since some pain drugs interact with anticoagulants. Your team should balance bleeding risk and clot prevention.
Follow-up matters. Attend post-op checkups and ask when to restart routine medications. If you're sent home with a blood thinner, get clear dosing instructions and a plan for lab checks or reminders. Use pill boxes, alarms, or apps if you worry about missing doses.
If you've had a clot before, be extra cautious. Bring medical records, a list of medications, and contact info for your hematologist. Finally, trust your instincts — if something feels off, call. Quick action prevents small problems from becoming emergencies.
Before discharge, get a written plan: which drugs to stop, when to restart them, signs to watch for, and an emergency contact. Ask about follow-up blood tests, how long to wear compression stockings, and safe activity levels. Clear written instructions cut confusion and reduce risk after you leave the hospital. Stay safe.
