Ketorolac: Fast-Acting Pain Relief, Uses and Safety
Ketorolac is a powerful nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for short-term management of moderate to severe pain. It works by blocking prostaglandin production, which lowers inflammation and pain fast. You'll see ketorolac given as an injection after surgery or as an oral tablet when injections aren't needed.
Who gets ketorolac and how it's used
Doctors usually reserve ketorolac for acute pain that would otherwise need opioids - for example after dental work, orthopedic procedures, or accidental injuries. For adults the oral dose typically ranges from 10 mg every 4 to 6 hours to a maximum of 40 mg per day, while injectable doses depend on route and setting. Importantly, ketorolac is meant for short courses only - usually no more than five days for adults.
Why the short limit? Ketorolac raises the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney problems, and other serious effects when taken longer. It's more potent than many over-the-counter pain relievers, so the safety window is narrower.
Safety tips and common side effects
Before taking ketorolac tell your doctor about existing stomach ulcers, heart disease, high blood pressure, asthma, or kidney problems. Also list any blood thinners or other NSAIDs you use. Common side effects include stomach pain, nausea, dizziness, and drowsiness. More serious signs to watch for are black or bloody stools, severe stomach pain, decreased urine, yellowing skin, or allergic reactions like swelling and breathing difficulty. If any of these occur, seek medical help right away.
Ketorolac interacts with blood thinners (warfarin, DOACs), ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and other NSAIDs. Combining with those increases bleeding and kidney risks. Avoid alcohol while taking ketorolac - it raises GI bleeding risk.
Pregnant people should not use ketorolac in the third trimester because it can harm the baby's heart and reduce amniotic fluid. Breastfeeding people should check with a clinician before using it.
If you're looking for alternatives, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, or short courses of opioids (when necessary) are common choices depending on pain level and medical history. Your clinician can help pick the safest option.
Quick practical tips: use the lowest effective dose for the shortest time, take oral doses with food to lower stomach upset, report any bleeding signs immediately, and avoid combining with other NSAIDs. If you have kidney disease, severe heart failure, or active bleeding, ketorolac is usually not an option.
Ask your provider for clear instructions and confirm how long you should use ketorolac. When used carefully and briefly, it can spare opioid use and control strong pain effectively. If you have questions about dosing or safety, talk to a healthcare professional before starting ketorolac.
How you get ketorolac: it normally requires a prescription. Hospitals and clinics give injections; pharmacies dispense tablets when a clinician approves. Don't buy from unknown online sellers without a valid prescription - fake pills are common. If you need repeat pain control beyond a few days, ask for a re-evaluation rather than extending ketorolac. Your provider may order blood tests to check kidney function if use is repeated.
